AN ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF FAILURE IN HIGH CHROME
Refractory dissolution and spalling are thought to be the two primary wear mechanisms of refractories. The current generation of refractory liners used in a gasifier must be replaced within 3 to 24 months of installation because of wear. Refractory wear by dissolution is highly dependent on gasifier carbon feedstock material
Get Price
13 SAMPLE DISSOLUTIONUS EPA
13 SAMPLE DISSOLUTION 13.1 Introduction The overall success of any analytical procedure depends upon many factors including proper sample preparation appropriate sample dissolution and adequate separation and isolation of the target analytes. This chapter describes sample dissolution techniques and strategies. Some of the
Get Price
LOW CHROME/CHROME FREE REFRACTORIES FOR
The molten slag is corrosive to refractory linings causing chemical dissolution and spalling. The refractory lining is composed of chrome oxide alumina and zirconia and is replaced every 3-24 months. Gasifier users would like greater on-line availability and reliability of gasifier liners
Get Price
UNITECR 2021 FIRE COURSE Corrosion of refractories The
Direct and indirect dissolution dissolution with precipitation of new compounds growth of reaction layers Reactors of gasification Interactions between refractories and ashes or salts steel making energy cement incineration and raw materials and previously headed the refractory laboratory at Arcelor Process R D. Poirier s
Get Price
A Review of Refractory Linings for Gasification Reactors
Refractory degradation occurs in several ways-penetration of slag into refractory changes the physical and chemical properties of refractory layer resulting in the formation of cracks direct
Get Price
Failure Mechanisms in High Chrome Oxide Gasifier Refractories
Refractories were identified as the leading research need of the gasification process. Refractory lining failure is caused primarily by chemical dissolution of the chrome oxide at the slag/refractory interface chemical spalling at the slag/refractory interface and structural spalling caused by molten slag penetration into the refractory.
Get Price
LOW CHROME/CHROME FREE REFRACTORIES FOR
The molten slag is corrosive to refractory linings causing chemical dissolution and spalling. The refractory lining is composed of chrome oxide alumina and zirconia and is replaced every 3-24 months. Gasifier users would like greater on-line availability and reliability of gasifier liners
Get Price
Exposure of refractory materials during high-temperature
Feb 01 2018 · The mechanisms for refractory degradation are related to slag-refractory interactions and include chemical dissolution mechanical erosion chemical and structural spalling . The development of refractories for coal gasifiers continues to be active and indicates that the development of refractories for entrained flow gasification of
Get Price
PossibleDesignofChromeoxide-freeRefractory EIRICH AWARD
Gasification is a technology to reduce on the one hand the CO 2 emission of power generation by integrating a gasification process in combined-cycle plants (IGCC) and marks on the other hand an essential technology to replace petroleum gas and crude oil with domestic coal as carbon source for the base mater industry. A gasifier acts
Get Price
Texaco Gasification ProcessCLU-IN
The TGP is a commercial gasification process which converts organic materials into syngas a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The feed reacts with a limited amount of oxygen (partial oxidation) in a refractory-lined reactor at temperatures between 2 200 o and 2 650"F and at pressures above 250 pounds per square inch gauge (psig).
Get Price
Gasification Plant Decreases Process Downtime and
Gasification plant in the U.S. CHALLENGE This gasification plant needed to frequently service their gasifier as its refractory brick usually cracks due to excessive heat. Their optimization engineer and reliability engineer needed to improve the efficiency of the gasifier and make it more reliable to avoid process shutdowns to repair the unit.
Get Price
13 SAMPLE DISSOLUTIONUS EPA
13 SAMPLE DISSOLUTION 13.1 Introduction The overall success of any analytical procedure depends upon many factors including proper sample preparation appropriate sample dissolution and adequate separation and isolation of the target analytes. This chapter describes sample dissolution techniques and strategies. Some of the
Get Price
Refractory liner materials used in slagging gasifiers
The refractory liners protect the gasifier shell from elevated temperatures corrosive slags and thermal cycling during gasification. Refractory failure is primarily by two means corrosive
Get Price
AN ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF FAILURE IN HIGH CHROME
Refractory dissolution and spalling are thought to be the two primary wear mechanisms of refractories. The current generation of refractory liners used in a gasifier must be replaced within 3 to 24 months of installation because of wear. Refractory wear by dissolution is highly dependent on gasifier carbon feedstock material
Get Price
Gasification Plant Decreases Process Downtime and
Gasification plant in the U.S. CHALLENGE This gasification plant needed to frequently service their gasifier as its refractory brick usually cracks due to excessive heat. Their optimization engineer and reliability engineer needed to improve the efficiency of the gasifier and make it more reliable to avoid process shutdowns to repair the unit.
Get Price
REFRACTORIES FOR BLACK LIQUOR GASIFICATION
Keywords Black Liquor Gasification Aluminosilicate Oxide and Non-oxide Refractories. 1. INTRODUCTION Black liquor (BL) is a by-product of the papermaking process. BL is an aqueous solution containing waste organic material which is mainly lignin as well as the spent pulping chemicals which are primarily sodium carbonate
Get PriceAl2O3-ZrO2-TiO2 new promising refractory lining materials
process gases ash / slag CO·H corrosion 2 / slag RHI AG O 2 H 2 O (g) 6 –slag/refractory interphase no dissolution of refractory brick infiltration by CaO SiO M. Schumann High performance refractories for gasification reactors refractories WORLDFORUM 3 (2011) pp. 95-100. Al 2 O 3-ZrO 2-TiO 2-refractories 10
Get PriceCorrosion of RefractoriesResearchGate
Degradation of refractories during service in harsh environment is a complex phenomenon and the overall wear rate of refractories is dependent on the contributions of all degradation mechanisms
Get Price
Investigation of shaped alumina based refractories used in
Jul 01 2011 · Corrosion implies dissolution of the refractory material into the flowing slag or dissolution of the bond phase at the hot face followed by freeing coarse grains. Spalling occurs in stages and implies an irregular removal of large chunks of the refractory material.
Get Price
MOLTEN SLAGS FORMED DURING GASIFICATION OF
Two primary causes of refractory failure have been determined through post-mortem analyses of material removed from commercial gasifiers slag corrosion/dissolution of the refractory liner and spalling caused by slag penetration of the refractory material.
Get Price
MOLTEN SLAGS FORMED DURING GASIFICATION OF
Two primary causes of refractory failure have been determined through post-mortem analyses of material removed from commercial gasifiers slag corrosion/dissolution of the refractory liner and spalling caused by slag penetration of the refractory material.
Get Price
Failure Mechanisms in High Chrome Oxide Gasifier Refractories
Gasification is a high-temperature high-pressure chemical process used to convert a carbon feedstock into CO and H 2 (syngas) for use in power generation and the production of chemicals. It is also a leading candidate as a source of hydrogen in a hydrogen economy and is one of several technologies expected to see increased use in advanced fossil fuel power systems in the future.
Get Price
Refractory Improvement CONTACTS
Mar 03 2012 · dissolution of refractory material which will be used to improve refractory service life (3) developing an understanding of slag behavior in a gasifier and of refractory/slag interactions during gasification so as to allow for carbon feedstock flexibility and control
Get Price
Refractory Improvement CONTACTS
Mar 03 2012 · dissolution of refractory material which will be used to improve refractory service life (3) developing an understanding of slag behavior in a gasifier and of refractory/slag interactions during gasification so as to allow for carbon feedstock flexibility and control
Get Price
Failure Mechanisms in High Chrome Oxide Gasifier Refractories
Refractories were identified as the leading research need of the gasification process. Refractory lining failure is caused primarily by chemical dissolution of the chrome oxide at the slag/refractory interface chemical spalling at the slag/refractory interface and structural spalling caused by molten slag penetration into the refractory.
Get Price
Dynamic Testing of Gasifier Refractory
1.1 Refractory for Gasification The refractory lining is an integral part in the majority of entrained-flow gasifiers. The gasification chamber operates at temperatures between 2190° and 2900°F and under pressures up to 6.9 106 Pa. Refractories are used to contain the severe environment and protect the gasification steel shell from erosion
Get Price
LOW CHROME/CHROME FREE REFRACTORIES FOR
The molten slag is corrosive to refractory linings causing chemical dissolution and spalling. The refractory lining is composed of chrome oxide alumina and zirconia and is replaced every 3-24 months. Gasifier users would like greater on-line availability and reliability of gasifier liners
Get Price
Failure Mechanisms in High Chrome Oxide Gasifier Refractories
Gasification is a high-temperature high-pressure chemical process used to convert a carbon feedstock into CO and H 2 (syngas) for use in power generation and the production of chemicals. It is also a leading candidate as a source of hydrogen in a hydrogen economy and is one of several technologies expected to see increased use in advanced fossil fuel power systems in the future.
Get Price
Improved refractories for slagging gasifiers in IGCC power
The focus of the Advanced Refractories for Gasification project at the Albany Research Center (ARC) is to develop improved refractory liner materials capable ofmore » Current generation refractory liners in slagging gasifiers are typically replaced every 3 to 18 months at costs ranging up to 1 000 000 or more depending upon the size of the
Get Price
